Textile material



Patented Sept. 2, 1941 No Drawing. Application October 1, 1938, SerialUNITED STATES, PATENT OFFICE Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in yarns and in fabrics or othermaterials containing such yarns.

In U. S. application S. No. 119,733 filed 9th J anuary, 1937, there isdescribed the manufacture of composite yarn formed by doubling a lengthof yarn comprising filaments or fibres to which crimps have beenimparted with at least one shorter length of yarn comprising 'uncrimpedfilaments or fibres so that the crimped yam forms a spiral round theuncrimped yarn. Again, in U. S. applications S. Nos. 160,066 and 160,067both filed th August, 1937, there is described the manufacture ofcomposite yarns by doubling together one or more yarns of crinkledartificial filaments, e. g. crinkled cellulose acetate filaments, withone or more yarns capable of being shrunk relatively to the yarns ofcrinkled artificial filaments, e. g. crepe yarns or chemicallyshrinkable yarns. In each of these specifications it is stated that theyarn of crinkled artificial filaments may be of greater length than theshrinkable yarn with which it is doubled so that the yarn of crinkledartificial filaments spirals round the shrinkable yarn. The presentinvention relates to the production of composite yarns of the kinddescribed in the above-mentioned specifications and for the sake ofconvenience the yarn of uncrimped filaments or fibres of U. S.application S. No. 119,733 filed 9th January, 1937. and the shrinkableyarn of U. S. applications S. Nos. 160,066 and 160,067 both filed 20thAugust. 1937, are referred'to hereafter in this specifica- In GreatBritain October 14,

tion generically as the basic yarn of the composite product, whilst theyarn of crimped filaments .or fibres of U, 8. application S. No. 119,733filed 9th January, 1937, and the yarn of crinkled artificial filamentsof U. S. applications S. Nos. 160,066 and 160,067 both filed 20thAugust, 1937, are referred to hereafter in this specificationgenerically as the voluminous yarn of the composite product.

I have now found that it is of considerable ad-' vantage in theproduction of such composite products to apply an adhesive size to oneor more of the component yarns prior to the doubling operation and thatsuch application of size reduces any tendency of one component to slipover another and/or enables the doubling twist applied to be quite smallwith resultant improvement in the voluminosity of the composite product.The

size is preferably applied to the basic yarn but 'it may be appliedinstead to the voluminous ,yarn or to both kinds of yarn.

The size employed should be one which, at least P thetic resins,water-soluble polymerlsed vinyl compounds, water-soluble cellulosederivatives or drying oils may be employed and, for example, a suitablesizeis an aqueous composition containing 13% of gelatine, 3% of castoroil and small percentages of glycerine and sodium benzoate.

The size is preferably applied to the yarns immediately before thedoubling operation so that it has little opportunity to dry on the yarnbefore the doubling is effected. Thus the size may very conveniently beapplied continuously with the doubling operation by passing the yarn asit travels towards the doubling device through a bath of the sizingcomposition or in contact with a device supplied with the sizingcomposition, e. g. a roller or similar device.

The invention is broadly applicable to the doubling of voluminous yarnsof any character with basic yarns of any character, and in connectionwith the types of yarns which may be employed reference is made to thespecifications referred to above. Preferably the yarns are so selectedand the doubling so effected that the voluminous yarn is present in thefinal product in greater proportion than the basic yarn. The inventionis of the greatest importance where the length of the voluminous yarn isgreater than the length of the basic yarn with which it is doubled, butthe invention is also of value where equal lengths of the yarns aredoubled together.

The doubling twist employed may be quite small since, as indicatedabove, it is an advantage of the present invention that it permits theuse of low doubling twists, thus conserving the voluminoslty of theproduct, whilst at the same time reducing any tendency to slippagebetween the voluminous yarns and the basic yarns.

The composite yarns produced according to this invention may be woven,knitted, or otherwise converted into fabric form and the size may thenbe removed by a scouring operation.

Having described my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patentis:

1. Process for the production of a composite yarn, which comprisesdoubling together by means of a doubling twist, a voluminous yarn and -abasic yarn and applying an adhesive size removable by scouring to atleast one of the component yarns prior to the doubling operation, 50that after the. doubling operation the component yarns are stucktogether.

2. Process for the production of a composite yarn, which comprisesdoubling together by means of a doubling twist a voluminous yarn and abasic yarn which, in the finished product, is shrinkable by a treatmentwhich leaves the voluminous yarn substantially unaffected and applyingan adhesive size removable by scouring to at least one of the componentyarns prior to the doubling operation, so that after the doublingmovable by scouring to at least one of the component yarns immediatelybefore the doubling operation so that the size has little opportunity todry on the yarn before doubling is efiected,

with the result that after the doubling operation the component yarnsare stuck together.

4. Process for the production of a composite yarn, which comprisesdoubling together by means of a doubling twist, a voluminous yarn and abasic yarn which, in the finished product, is shrinkable by a treatmentwhich leaves the voluminous yarn substantially unaffected and applyingan adhesive size removable by scouring to the said shrinkable yarn priorto the doubling operation, so that after the doubling operation thecomponent yarns are stuck together.

5. Process for the produtcion of a composite yarn, which comprisesdoubling together by means of a doubling twist a voluminous yarn ofcelluloseacetate and a basic yarn and applying an adhesive sizeremovable by scouring to at least one of the component yarns prior tothe doubling operation, so that after the doubling operation thecomponent yarns are stuck together.

6. Process for the production of a composite yarn which comprisesdoubling together by means of a doubling twist a voluminous yarn ofcellulose acetate and a basic yarn which, in the finished product, isshrinkable by a treatment which leaves the voluminous yarn substantiallyunaffected, and applying an adhesive size removable by scouring to thesaid shrinkable yarn immediately before the doubling operation so thatit has little opportunity to dry on the yarn before doubling iseffected, with the result that after the doubling operation thecomponent yarns are yarn, which comprises doubling together b means of adoubling twist a voluminous yarn and a basic yarn, the voluminous yarnbeing present in greater proportion than the basic yarn and applying anadhesive size removable by scouring to at least one of the componentyarns prior to the doubling operation, so that after the doublingoperation the component yarns are stuck together.

8. Process for the production of a composite yarn, which comprisesdoubling together by means of a doubling twist a voluminous yarn and abasic yarn which, in the finished product, is shrinkable by a treatmentwhich leaves the voluminous yarn substantially unaffected, thevoluminous yarn being present in a greater proportion than the basicyarn and applying an adhesive size removable by scouring to theshrinkable yarn immediately before the doubling operation so that it haslittle opportunity to dry on the yarn before doubling is effected, withthe result that after the doubling operation the component yarns arestuck together.

9. Process for the production of a composite yarn, which comprisesdoubling together by means of a doubling twist a voluminous yarn ofcellulose acetate and a basic yarn which, in the finished product, isshrinkable by a treatment which leaves the voluminous yarn substantiallyunaffected, the voluminous yarn being present in a greater proportionthan the basic yarn, and

operation the component yarns are stuck together.

10. A composite yarn, comprising a voluminous yarn doubled by means of adoubling twist with a basic yarn, produced by the method set forth inclaim 1.

11. A composite yarn, comprising a voluminous yarn doubled by means of adoubling twist with a basic yarn which, in the finished product, isshrinkable by a treatment which leaves the voluminous yarn substantiallyunaffected, the component yarns being stuck together by means of anadhesive size removable by scouring.

12. Process for the production of fabrics comprising a composite yarn,which comprises doubling together by means of a doubling twist avoluminous yarn and a basic yarn and applying an adhesive size removableby scouring to at least one of the component yarns prior to the doublingoperation, so that after the doubling operation .the component yarns arestuck together, subjecting the resulting composite yarn to afabric-forming operation and thereafter removing the said size.

13. Process for the production of fabrics comprising a composite yarn,which comprises doubling together by means of a doubling twist avoluminous yarn and a basic yarn which, in the finished product, isshrinkable by a treatment which leaves the voluminous yarn substantiallyunaffected and applying an adhesive size removable by scouring to atleast one of the component yarns prior to the doubling operation, sothat after the doubling operation the component yarns are stucktogether, subjecting the resulting composite yarn to a fabric-formingoperation and thereafter removing the said size.

14. Process for the production of fabrics comprising a composite yarn,which comprises doubling together by means of a doubling twist avoluminous yarn of cellulose acetate and a basic yarn which, in thefinished product, is shrinkable by a treatment which leaves thevoluminous yarn substantially unaffected, and applying an adhesive sizeremovable by scouring to the said shrinkable yarn immediately before thedoubling operation so that it has little opportunity to dry on the yarnbefore doubling is effected, with the result that after the doublingoperation the component yarns are stuck together, subjecting theresulting composite yarn to a fabric-forming operation and thereafterremoving the said size.

15. Process for the production of fabrics comprising a composite yarn,which comprises doubling together by means of a doubling twist avoluminous yarn-of cellulose acetate and a basic yarn which, in thefinished product, isshrinkable by a treatment which leaves thevoluminous yarn substantially unaffected, the voluminous yarn beingpresent in a greater proportion than the basic yarn, and applying anadhesive size removable by scouring to the shrinkable yarn immediatelybefore the doubling operation so that it has little opportunity to dryon the yarn before doubling is effected, with the result that after thedoubling operation the component yarns are stuck together, subjectingthe resulting composite yarn to a fabric-forming operation andthereafter removing thesaid size. v

ANGUS SMITH BELL.

